IMPLICATIONS FOR THEORY AND PRACTICE : The theoretical contribution of this study was the provision of SMEs sector heterogeneity evidence based on a number of KМ characteristics. According to a number of indicators studied, significant differences were observed between small and large enterprises, whereas the distinctions between medium and large enterprises were much less obvious. In contrast to the common view on SMEs as a homogeneous sector in terms of KM, the study shows its heterogeneity in terms of KM initiatives. In all cases, large enterprises showed higher levels of these characteristics compared to small enterprises, whereas medium enterprises were more similar to large enterprises. Although all enterprises, regardless of their size, showed a high awareness of knowledge/KM importance for their business, significant distinctions between small and large enterprises were found with regard to their KM policies, the scope of advanced KM tools application, and the intensity of some traditional and advanced KM tools application. FINDINGS: Both common and distinctive characteristics of these categories in terms of KM were highlighted. The empirical data were obtained through a questionnaire survey among 90 managers of small, medium, and large Ukrainian enterprises and were analyzed statistically. METHODOLOGY : The concept of the study was developed on the basis of an integrative socio-technical perspective. In particular, the study focused on the consistency between the awareness of knowledge/KM importance and KM policies, and the scope and intensity of the application of both human-centered tools and information communication technology (ICT) tools. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to conduct a comparative analysis of knowledge management (KM) initiatives in small, medium, and large enterprises operating in Ukraine, and to highlight the specific characteristics of KM policies, as well as the scope and intensity of KM tools application in these categories. Maryna Kravchenko, Professor, National Technical University of Ukraine, “Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute”, Peremogy Street, 37, Kyiv, 03056 Ukraine, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. Natalia Sytnik, Associate Professor, National Technical University of Ukraine, “Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute”, Peremogy Street, 37, Kyiv, 03056б, Ukraine, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots.
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